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“Wrapping” Robot Snake

Now I know, robot snakes aren’t by far new. Snakes, with their sleek bodies, lack of appendages, and smooth movement, have been the inspiration for useful robots all around. For example, this little robot. But now, scientists at Carnegie Mellon’s Biorobotics Lab have taken it a step further with a robot snake that can wrap around anything it is thrown at.

The robotic snake lurking in a tree: The military-funded research could be used to create 'spy snakes' - as well as being sent into dangerous buildings

This robot, like so many that we have looked at in the past months, has so much potential. Imagine if that pole were a human’s neck, say, and you effectively have something similar to a nunchuck to wrap around an opponent’s neck. How does this robot exactly wrap around the pole, though?

The idea is actually quite simple. This robot is a modular robot, with uniform body segments and the like. Each module has an accelerometer to detect when the body segment has stopped moving (when it hits an object), and the robot uses the information from the modules to quickly maneuver into a wrapping position, and sort of perch on an object. Notably, this seems to only work for vaguely cylindrical objects, or there wouldn’t be anything to wrap around, but this could be developed for more surfaces.

Now, when describing this robot, the researchers specified one point: wrapping is not the same as constricting. When this robot wraps around an object, it doesn’t exert much force; rather, it grips onto the object and stops itself from moving. Constricting, on the other hand, squeezes a surface. This robot can be programmed to also constrict, but at least to me it seems far more interesting that it can balance out just the right amount of force to grip and not constrict an innocent victim.

Speaking of which, this project is being funded by the U.S. Army Research Lab. So will we be seeing snakes on the battlefield, latching onto enemy soldiers with chokeholds? Only time will tell.

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Salamandra Robotica II

You know, a lot of robots these days are pretty specialized for some purpose or another. But here we have a robot that can navigate both water and land. Psyche!

Actually, it’s not the fact that the Salamandra Robotica II robot is multifunctional that makes it interesting. The reason it’s so unique is because of the way it moves; if you hadn’t noticed, this robot was modeled after a salamander and is likewise amphibious. Created by the Biorobotics Laboratory at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne technical university in Switzerland, this robot makes it so that the robophobic will have nowhere to hide.

But of course, this robot could also be the precursor to amphibious service robots that could maneuver through both water and land surfaces to rescue people. This could especially be useful for natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, or mudslides, which all have potential for large quantities of water that conventional robots would be unable to function under.

The main purpose of this robot, is not for some far-reaching rescue-aid goal. This robot was created to study the locomotion of vertebrates, especially in relationship to the neural pathways from the brain to the body. First, the implications include detecting how amphibians transition in brain and neural activity from transitioning from water to land.

Besides the research capabilities of the Salamandra Robotica II, it is also an interesting robot on its own. Each body section has its own microcontroller, battery, and motors. This makes it possible for the robot to work even when completely taken apart, and also means that birds in the wild who want to have a bit of lunch won’t permanently damage the robot; losing a leg or two doesn’t worsen performance at all. Finally, this ability also allows researchers to add or remove body segments, move legs, etc. that are vital to studying the body systems of real animals.

So the robotic salamander… what’s next.

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BigDog Update, the Cinder Block Hurler

It would be hard to forget BigDog, the robot created by Boston Dynamics that can travel through unstable terrain. In its last update, AlphaDog, it learned to follow a person around. And in this new one, BigDog has learned how to be a weightlifter.

In just five years since its conception, BigDog has learned how to hurl 50-pound heavy blocks of concrete. How does it do this?

If you’re familiar with the mechanics of muscles, you’ll know how throwing objects with arms is not only integrated with the arms, but the entire body, a fact shared by most modern organisms. The BigDog does essentially the same thing.

The goal of the new projects was to increase BigDog’s legs and torso strength to help the power motions of the arms. If you observe the robot in slow motion, this fact becomes obvious. The motion of the legs and knee joints during the moment when the cinder block is thrown leads to an increase in force and momentum as the swing moves in the opposite direction.

Cool, huh? This could make BigDog much more effective on the field as a recon robot; no longer shall it be obstructed by cinder blocks any more! Although I suppose now BigDog can throw a number of different heavy objects now… it’s okay.

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Human-Robot Interactions in the Kitchen with Snackbot

This robot goes sort of more in the direction of psychology and human-robot interactions. Snackbot here has been around but recently it has been showing some interesting science of interaction.

Snackbot has actually existed for quite a few years; it was created by students, faculty, and office workers at Carnegie Mellon University. Basically, the Snackbot exists to deliver snacks on a routine path, rather than having someone do it. I know, revolutionary.

More importantly, though, the Snackbot was recently used as an example for human-robot interactions and what makes people seem more likable and less dominating.

This study sort of started with the simple thought of baking cupcakes. Few would realize that in the third-person point of view such a short-term activity tells people all sorts of things about what kind of person you are. Of course, Snackbot wasn’t designed to bake cupcakes, and for his turn on the stage, he dealt with the job of delivering tasty delights to people.

This study was headed by social psychologist Sara Kiesler, and her assistant Min Kyung Lee was the student that worked with Snackbot. In half the encounters, Snackbot added variety to conversations by referring to previous instances in a personal way, building up a shared social history.

Out of those people, three-fourths stated that they were pleased with the “pseudosocial” interactions (that they imitated real social interactions), and they corroborated many other studies that have shown that people often grow bored with robots that are especially repetitive.

So there. Our future robots will be more entertaining and personal! How nice.

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Fun with Oreos!

As a deviation from all serious robots that go around Earth helping people, let’s take a look at a little robot that was made by physicist David Neevel to remove the cream off of Oreos. This will be the end of this article; the video is self-explanatory and pretty entertaining. Food is fun!

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Going Batty: Robot Bat Wing

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Bats are some of the most dynamic fliers around. Unlike insects, with one joint at the base of the wing, or birds with three wing joints, bats have a stunning twenty-five joints. These joints allow bat wings to change in more precise shapes, making them more maneuverable and controlled. And researchers from Brown University have created a robot bat wing to observe how it functions.

So why is researching bat wings so important? Well, first of all conventional wing types and plane wings aren’t particularly efficient for micro air vehicles, which have large potential for going places that people can’t and observing factors of their natural environment more precisely.

Currently, the robot bat arm has not yet been integrated into a winged design; instead, it is being used to test and understand the aerodynamic forces that are involved in bat wing flight. By measuring forces on the wing as it’s in a wing tunnel and monitoring the power output of the servo motors, scientists can measure how much energy is required to execute wing movements.

Even though the robot wing isn’t a perfect model of an actual bat wing, it has already shown scientists valuable information about wing movement. For example, the existence of wing folding (bats and birds fold their wings on the upstroke) has been known for a long time, but using this model scientists discovered that wing folding actually increases net lift by 50%. Using the robot wing is important because they can test arbitrary factors that could not be tested on actual bats. One could not ask a bat to flap its wings more times in the same amount of time, but now scientists can observe the effects of wing frequency on lift.

Of course, the robot also demonstrated a lot of information about the structure of the wing. When the elbow broke because of the joint kept on getting stretched out, the scientists wrapped steel cable around the area, demonstrating the effects of ligaments in actual bat wings. Wing membranes would break at their leading edges, prompting reinforcement with elastic threads and emulating tendons.

This sort of knowledge and testing could be very helpful for creating vehicles with many joints and incredible versatility, and the knowledge gained from these experiments could give more insight into more flight mechanics and overall the science of biological aerodynamics.

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“Penguins: Spy in the Huddle” and the Robotic Penguins

As they say, in order to understand someone, you must step into his or her shoes. In this case, to understand penguins, you need to step into the penguins’ snow, rocks, and furry little bodies.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=t0xsZH7C2Iw

This documentary, called “Penguins: Spy in the Huddle” features nearly a year’s worth of film with 50 different spycams. Some were inanimate objects, like rocks or chunks of snow, but the most adorable ones were the robot penguins.

There were three different kinds of robot penguins modeled after their real-life counterparts: RockhopperCam, EmperorCam, and HumboldtCam. The behaviors of these robots, while not flawlessly lifelike, are still legitimate enough, In fact, the RockhopperCam was apparently so realistic that some penguins even accepted it as part of their colony. With gyro and acceleration sensors, the robot can detect when it has fallen over and make its way over challenging terrain, making it a simple enough robot to have effective functions as a moving spycam.

There was also an adorable ChickCam, pictured above, which served two purposes. Firstly, it was an effective spycam, and secondly, the furry robot protected the camera from the cold.

In addition to these, there were also remotely-controlled underwater penguin robots that were capable of diving down 300 feet, to accurately film penguins swimming through the water.

All of these robots allowed people to see penguins in a detail never seen before. From the daily behavior of different penguins to close-ups of egg-hatching, breeding, and swimming, these robots have taken nature observation to a new level. If you’re interested in reading more, check here!

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